Coronary heart disease and the major reasons of its occurrence

Well, in fact the most common thing happening among patients having heart disease is a kind of coronary heart trouble. It used to have no boundaries amongst different people and occurs due to the conditions of economically developed and developing countries. Sometimes, ischemic heart disease being called as ischemia is the reason affecting us everyday.

The term “ischemic heart disease” is perceived as hiding stuff for a group of diseases that are characterized by impaired blood circulation in the arteries, which are designed to provide the heart muscle, or myocardium, the necessary blood supply. Hence, due to the fact that so called the coronary artery or the ischemia became the appropriate synonyms in terms of coronary heart disease. Doctors all over the world distinguish parameters between two forms of flow of coronary heart disease – both chronic and acute.

Forms of acute ischemia are acute myocardial infarction or even sudden death, which is sometimes called a coronary. Chronic ischemia is more often characterized by symptoms such as heart failure followed by arrhythmia and its species, as well as angina. Sometimes the disease is accompanied by one or all of these symptoms at once.

The main title ischemic heart disease received from the name of anemia or ischemia. In this case, the anemia seen with a deficiency of blood coming into the myocardium but in general sense is the inability the way to supply the body with blood body streams since the narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels and arteries. There is also a phenomenon of transient ischemia of the heart which could also occur in a joint case with healthy person as a reaction to stress, cold or physical stress.

Herewith, if sealing artery thrombus or it might be happening due to the biological effects of such stimuli as bacteria or toxins, the ischemia of the heart can lead to serious pathology. Also the reasons, being caused serious illness in ischemia of the heart might be the reason of atherosclerosis i.e. the arteries squeeze of a foreign body or tumor in the cavity of the body. In this case, there are two versions of events so that the authority can reopen the case of normal functioning conducting self-healing ability of the arteries, or if the artery will not be able to resume its activities, it will happen necrosis or partial necrosis of tissues.

By practice, the ischemia threatens comprise not only in terms of the heart. Sometimes it is diagnosed cerebral ischemia i.e. the lack of blood circulation in the brain, as well as ischemia of the extremities. Most vulnerable choice, is the one to consider the phenomenon of the nervous and cardio via vascular system. The reason for that is the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels due to elevated levels of cholesterol, resulting in the lumen of the vessel is being narrowed and blood is not able to flow into an organ or body in full. Overall, the inflow of myocardial ischemia is a sine curve which is being in the acute condition and does not make itself felt. However, periods of calm – that is no reason to delay treatment of ischemic heart disease. If you already diagnosed with the disease, the coronary heart disease treatment will take place in any case.

Beginning signs of coronary heart disease is associated with higher mental or physical exertion. This may be paroxysmal pain in the heart subsequently being arose in terms of a state of relative stretch. The more and no longer developing ischemic heart disease it has to impact the higher the risk of myocardial infarction.

The most common treatment for coronary heart disease is aimed at men as the disease strikes men more frequently than it strikes women. Unfortunately, it should be noted that the treatment of coronary heart disease can sometimes be useless and lead to fatal cases. In our country, myocardial ischemia is one of the leading causes of death among older people. It is important that diagnosis of coronary heart disease and treatment in a timely manner. But, in addition to the importance of detecting coronary artery disease and treatment at early stages of development, plays an important role of prevention as well as knowledge about its causes and symptoms, which should go to the doctor.

Migraines: general symptoms, causes and methods of successful treatment

Descriptions in terms of headache is a typical of a kind of migraine attack being found even in the writings of the ancient Sumerian civilization which existed more than 3000 years BC. Certainly, though migraine is mentioned in the writings of Hippocrates and Paracelsus, originally the term “migraine” is nowadays seen as the one with the French “root” and in turn out coming from the Greek word “hemicrania” which means having “half head”.

Migraine as it is more or less seen as a severe headache trouble more often localized in one half of the head being sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light and sound. In such cases the patient does not diagnosed by head trauma or stroke followed by brain tumors. The headache of migraine is not commonly associated with fluctuations in the way of blood pressure gaps or glaucoma attack, or even increased intracranial pressure. Migraine is seen as a type of vascular headache in general and that is the crucial point you have to remember first of all! The basis of it’s occurrence is the one which could not been expanded as “a piece of cake” i.e. the walls of blood vessels feeding the brain, which is why they are beginning to put pressure on surrounding nerve cells.

By all means, migraine is perceived as the disease challenging more than 11% of the total population of our Planet which comprise a huge number in terms of figures overall reflecting more often women. There are two types of migraine: classic and common.

The classic course of the disease occurs in 10% of patients. Phase headache is preceded by a short period of precursors, called the aura. The manifestations of the aura are distinct. In some patients have visual disturbances i.e. “shroud, front sight” before our eyes, “bright bursts”. Other proportion of those interviewed may come with a violation of smell. Some patients complain of hearing loss as well as speech or motor coordination.

Migraine attack lasts from several hours to 3 days. The pain occurs in one half of the head and increases gradually. In the future, it could clearly be localized in the temple, forehead, eye, ear, and in some cases in the neck or shoulder. The pain can be so strong that it begins to be felt throughout the body. It is often accompanied by vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, frequent urination, or fever. Headache amplified by loud noises or bright lights. After the attack, patients note a feeling of complete exhaustion of mental and physical strength.

Factors provoking the Migraine attack:

• increased sensitivity towards certain types of food. Most often migraine attack is provoked by alcohol;
• sudden weather changes as well as atmosphere pressure;
• physical overstrain, insomnia;
• when the lightening is too bright;
• inhaling odors irritates the respiratory tract;
• trauma;
• women rise to an attack can cause hormonal changes in their body, associated with the menstrual cycle.

Any person suffering from severe or recurrent headaches should seek medical advice and undergo a full medical examination to rule out the possibility of such serious diseases as brain tumor, aneurysm, hematoma, and other migraine attacks lasted for many years. Their character and a diverse and different for different patients. Therefore, approaches to treatment must be strictly individual. We must always try to identify the triggers that can be eliminated. These include a chronic lack of sleep, smoking, alcohol or food rich in tyramine i.e. chocolate, cheese or fish.

Between bouts doctor can prescribe some medications for preventive treatment. This treatment is usually comprise about much less than 100% of expected effect of preventing migraine attacks but also helps to reduce the frequency of their occurrence and reduces the severity of headache at-developed attack. Be aware that during pregnancy to preventive treatment impossible.

If the attack has developed, it is recommended to be in the dark, cool room. On the forehead should put a cold compress. You do not need during an attack to drink coffee, strong tea or orange juice. In many cases, migraines can take an ordinary ice cream. Take heaping tablespoons of ice cream, and rotate it to the soft palate. Hold the cold, until the product has melted. These actions lead to a cooling of the hypothalamus, which, apparently, too, is drawn into the process, and contribute to a rapid cessation of even very severe pain.

Drug treatment episode must begin as early as possible, preferably with the onset of aura or first signs of pain. Currently, there are many drugs that facilitate or completely cropped, migraine attacks. But they can be used only on prescription, as well as medicine, well helps one patient may not only be ineffective in another, but also further strengthen the attack.

To receive analgesics should be treated very cautiously. Conventional analgesics are generally not help with migraines, as in this situation must be taken not vasodilator and vasoconstrictor agent. In addition, the constant use of painkillers reduces the sensitivity of the organism to them, increasing the frequency of pain attacks and increases the occurrence of side effects.

Good alternative with respect to drug treatment pertaining to the migraine is the one of physiotherapeutic procedures and massage or hirudotherapy. These methods have virtually no side effects and promote not only the withdrawal symptoms, and prevention of attacks.

FAQ

– Would you please tell me whether any folk national means from snoring? Unfortunately, the existing mechanical devices do not help me. (Mary Smth., LA, USA)

Mr. J. Kemmer, PhD Science (Wisconsin University, USA)
Well, snoring has been a subject of study for the recent 10 years at our University since the world trend is as follows: the number of people affected snoring is dramatically increasing in numbers so that standard medical means used beforehand are not perceived as effective any more.

– You have to take carefully pound cabbage leaf mixed with honey. The substance is to consumed just before going to bed . As an alternative case you are to take a glass of fresh cabbage juice mix with one tsp. of honey in order to be consumed just before going to sleep for a month period duration.

– You are to eat roasted carrots for 3 times a day within an hour just before consistent meals.

– Over 4 hours before going to sleep drip into your nose for a few drops of sea buckthorn oil in each nostril. Then, after 2or 3 weeks of such treatment the nasal breathing becomes available.

– Stir in 1 tbsp. calendula flowers dried up and joined with oak bark being poured into half a liter of boiling water, leave the lid 2 hours, strain. Rinse throat after meals and at bedtime.

– Well known folk solution for the Eastern Europe. There is a way to deal with snoring for those who sleep on their backs and as we know, these people have the intention to snore more being i.e. a nightgown “snorer” sew the ball from table tennis. I fact, feeling uncomfortable the man has not to wake up just immediately but turn from side to sideways continuing snoring at the time to stop.

-In the mornings and evenings being in a way to pronounce the sound “i” straining at the same time the muscles of the pharynx as well as soft palate and neck. Repeat the above mentioned exercise for 20-30 times.

– Execute the mouth via it is being closed combined with the breath which comes through the nose. Stretch the back of the language and with the power to delay the language to the throat. If this make your fingers under the chin, you can feel how tense muscles. This exercise should be repeated several times a day, making it 10-15 on tongue movements. Exercise strengthens velum, and the person stops snoring.

Letter “I” which helped us a lot from Snoring

… She said her husband was starting to snore too early so that there is not a chance to get to fall asleap and the doctor advised him to do special exercises on a regular basis against snoring and that seemed to be of help. Honestly saying didn\\’ t have a chance to believe this story I decided to try it. Anyway, the exercise does not require any particular effort. Well, in fact, you had to spend every day for about thirty minutes which is not pretty long in fact and causing an easy effort to pronounce the letter “I”. This sound exercises I performed during the month (just before eating). And nowadays, if I snore, it happens very rarely so I have a very happy wife and daughter.

“My husband has long suffered from heavy snoring. We tried many different means, but it was good enough. So familiar told that the disease is treated much easier than we think. Husband, she said you just need to drink plenty of distilled water.

And then he began to drink water and the body of his began to start covering by the mucus i.e. in the form of mucus from the nose. Then, to accelerate the process of extracting mucus, it is once a week and was still hungry. The process of mucus increased. And after a little time period while snoring has gone! It turned out that the point was sufficient to remove mucus from the body.

Cervical cancer is the second leading cancer of female genital organs (after cancer of the body of the uterus (endometrium)), although in the age group 15 to 54 years is dominant among the female genital cancer.

It is important to know that more than 70% of cases, regardless of stage of disease, cervical cancer is curable, but his diagnosis in early stages can cure patients more than 90% of cases.

In this section you will find information on trends in today’s global experience and capabilities LISOD in the treatment of cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer will never develop in unchanged the epithelium (layer of cells lining the cervix). In other words, he is always preceded by pre-timorous epithelial changes, called dysplasia or CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia). Most often, cervical cancer develops in the transition zone – the place of junction of squamous epithelium (which lines the outer part of the cervix – ektotserviks) and iron (which lines the cervical canal, endocervical).

Thanks to successful actions in Western European countries and the U.S. system of screening the female population with cervical cancer can be easily detected at the earliest stages and is fully cured in the bulk of the cases. Statistics of the European Cervical Cancer Association (ECCA) show – with the timely detection of cervical cancer can be cured in 98% of cases.

After widespread use of screening test, developed in 1950 by George Papanicolaou, based on smears from the cervix and has become known as the Pap test, the number of deaths from cervical cancer in countries applying this test, has declined about 10 times. Today, in developed countries, there is a tendency to reduce the annual death rate from cervical cancer by detecting disease at early stages.

Proved virusinfitsirovaniya role in the occurrence of dysplasia and cervical cancer. In 2008, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Harald zur Hausen for the communication of human papillomavirus (HPV, HPV) and cervical cancer. Modern research has shown that over 90% of cases of cervical cancer is caused by HPV, a common virus that affects more than two thirds of sexually active women during their lives. HPV can cause precancerous condition – dysplasia of cervical epithelium varying degrees-CIN I – CIN III, which in the absence of adequate treatment in time progresses to invasive cancer. Therefore it is important to conduct literacy etiotropic treatment (including bacterial and viral infections caused by dysplasia) to regression dysplastic changes in cervical epithelium and thereby prevent the development of invasive cancer.

Frequently asked question – is it always necessary to treat infections caused by HPV. No treatment is necessary only in case of a doctor pathological changes in the cervix for cytological examination of smears and / or colposcopy and, if the viral infection is determined by the first year after its detection. Many women pass the infection on their own without treatment due to immune mechanisms of the organism.

Recently a vaccine against oncogenic HPV strains. It helps preventing most of cervical cancer cases. The course consists of 3 doses, that are injected intramuscularly in the upper thirt of a shoulder: in a month after the first time, and in 5 months after the second time. Such inoculation provides immunity against HPV within 5.5 years. In some countries this injection is included in obligatory vaccination schedule. The most appropriate age for vaccination is 12-13 years.

Doctors assert that vaccination prevent cervical cancer development in 100% of cases if it is done before the sexual live has started. As European experts state, if we start girls’ vaccination today, we can expect a significant decrease of sickness rate of adult population.

Nephritis is known as an inflammatory disease of the human’s kidneys, usually having bilateral origin, with the defeat of the renal glomeruli inside tubules and calyces, and pelvis.

By nature, depending on the cause and nature of the disease, the localization of the inflammatory process is to distinguish the following types being somewhat common amongst Doc. i.e. glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, interstitial, hereditary and radiation nephritis.

Glomerulonephritis is a kind of an inflammatory disease of sort of autoimmune origin obtained predominantly affecting in terms of renal glomerulus to a lesser extent tubules. Patients have to experience needle biopsy finds on defeat of up to 80-100% of the glomeruli to increase in size, narrowing of their lumen, and others, while their minimum damage can be detected only by electron microscopy.

Interstitial nephritis is to illuminate as inflammation of the kidneys, which is the defeat of the interstitial tissue and renal tubules and disruption of the functioning of the kidneys. The above mentioned disease is being caused by infections like purulent character virus rubella by chicken pox etc., antigens banal bacterial flora, vaccination, toxic drugs. Sometimes it develops after prolonged usage of antibiotics.
The clinically proved case of acute forms of the disease appears rapidly in terms of patient complains for pain in the abdomen and lower back being upset within his/her chair. Perhaps, the raise of the temperature to 39-40 C °is the point of appearance towards skin rash. Blood test reveals leukocytosis urine is haematuria. The chronic form is characterized by slowly progressive tubular disorders, the concentration of kidney function and loss in the urine of a number of useful body substances. In the urinary sediment show a lot of white blood cells, there may be blood.

The emergence of hereditary forms of kidney disease has to be genetically predetermined as so often diagnosed in several family members. It used to be most often seen in the childhood. In addition to a typical symptom of kidney disease is likely crop up in patient’s with hearing loss may occur, improper development of the iris, lens, a high degree of myopia, etc. Treatment includes restorative activities, addressing the factors that exacerbate the disease.

In radiation nephritis kidney damage occurs as a result of external or internal radiation exposure. For this form of disease characterized by hypertension, anemia, microhematuria, edema, enlarged kidneys, swelling, there is renal tubular damage or atrophy. Treatment is directed at reducing blood pressure, improved renal blood flow, stimulation of restorative processes.

The appropriate and most common means of Stroke treatment

Stroke is the most serious brain damaging accident happening in humans life. In countries with developed economy such as USA and Western Europe the statistics reveals that by end of this century the leading causes of mortality in accordance with accounting figures in its overall structure comprise of about 14% of those being in the risk group. Brain stroke defines more than 30% of all deaths from cardiovascular disease. This is primarily due to the aging population, because disease are predominantly diseases of elderly and senile age.

Factors contributing to the development of vascular diseases of the heart and brain are the conditions of modern life especially connected with ecological situation and urbanization leading to automation, nerve strain in work processes and the lack of motor activity combined with the growth of diabetes mellitus and features of modern nutrition, increased alcohol consumption.

The growth rate of death from cardiovascular disease in the last decade was the highest for the middle age group. Thus, according to DA Markov (1986) amongst the group of patients with brain infarction 23.6% who were aged 41-50 years and 12,8% being younger than 40 years. Hence, the stroke affecting half of the patients has reached the age of 60 years i.e. affects people still full of energy and opportunities. Moreover, death rate was somewhat exceed in terms of the data regarding 40%. The majority of survivors become disabled and require long-term rehabilitation treatment, and often outside care.

Thus, the struggle with cerebrovascular diseases, their prevention and the treatment for occupational rehabilitation seem not so much in terms of a medical problem, many medical and social like significance for the state and its economy.

Progress in addressing the problem of cerebrovascular pathology has emerged in recent years (after 2005), is associated primarily with the successes in uncovering the mechanisms of regulation and the dynamics of cerebral blood flow by introducing new methods of investigation Somewhat great range of importance has to be considered for the diagnosis of stroke is a method of computerized tomography (CT) studies of the brain. The results of these studies, on the one hand, revealed a major role extracranial lesions departments of major vessels of the head, set the value of collateral circulation in occlusion of cerebral vascular lesions, found the original “steal syndromes and their clinical expression, on the other hand, allowed us to formulate the position of the cerebral vascular insufficiency and propose new methods of pathogenetically based treatment, even surgery. As a result for that, it might be unable to return to the working process for patients in the recent past were considered hopeless.

At present, we are able actually with active working lifestyle expand the diagnosis and treatment of early forms of cerebral vascular pathology, which will significantly reduce the number of acute disorders of cerebral circulation (i.e. stroke) and slow clinical evolution of chronic disorders of cerebral hemodynamics (as so-called dyscirculatory encephalopathy).

The peculiarity of the cerebral circulation is the relative stability of distinct structures of the cerebral vessels and perfection of regulation of cerebral blood flow. The intensity of metabolic processes in the brain tissue is such that if the mass of the brain is approximately 1400 g, which represents about 2% of body weight, it consumes approximately 20% of the total oxygen and 17% of the total glucose entering the body. If coronary blood flow during physical exercise increases 10-15 times or more, the cerebral blood flow during intense mental activity in general does not increase, just redistributed from less active areas of the brain in functional terms, in an area with intense activity. Thus, the pattern of cerebral blood flow is moving with a continuously changing mosaic of local blood flow in different areas with a relative constancy of the total blood flow to the brain. Of course, the decrease in total blood flow to the brain (myocardial infarction or falling systemic blood pressure) leads to the disruption of the regulation of cerebral hemodynamics and impairment of cerebral circulation (NMC). However, most often in the pathogenesis of NMC are factors affecting the change in intracerebral hemodynamics. The redistribution of blood in the vascular system of the brain in favor of its active regions, of course, with less damage to the active sites can cause temporary ischemia of the latter, ie, underlie transient NMC. The circulation by a number of complex and intracerebral vnetserebralnyh regulatory mechanisms. The former include myogenic, neurogenic, neurohumoral and metabolic mechanisms.

The second group of regulatory mechanisms associated with the activity of the carotid sinus node depressor nerve, the contractile function of the heart. Violations of these regulatory mechanisms occur when changing the level of systolic blood pressure below 80 or above 180 mmHg. The minimum critical level considered to be 60 mm Hg, below this value occur is a violation of self-regulation of cerebral blood flow, slowing it to individual vessels with subsequent ischemization brain tissue and insufficient collateral circulation – ischemic stroke (cerebral infarction). In some cases, after the restoration of blood flow in the ischemic zone pH value remains low because of metabolic acidosis due to accumulation of lactic acid. This leads to further vasodilatation and cerebral blood flow remains high, although the functional requirements in this anymore. Naturally, the utilization of oxygen is not fully, so the flowing blood is red. This phenomenon is referred to as syndrome of abnormal perfusion, due to a violation of the metabolic mechanism of self-regulation of cerebral blood flow.

Periodontal disease Periodontitis

Periodontal disease is a relatively old kind of disease being well known from the times of Markus Aurlius i.e. ancient Rome being visually perceived as a from a term, reflecting systemic damage periodontal tissue so called periodontal. You can find an incorrect spelling of “gum” instead of “gum” being known in the place where originally the word comes from having the root of Odonto. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) classifies this pathology only so called kind of “gum”, so the usage of other terms is incorrect.

Another omission is seen as the one that occurs since the two terms “gum” and “periodontitis” are often being confused.

Symptoms and causes of periodontitis

Symptoms of periodontitis are as follows: when paradontosis pathological process is non-inflammatory in nature it manifests itself exposing the necks of the teeth due to destruction of the tissues around the tooth. At the same time, maintain good teeth being in long-term fixation sort of breaks later when the tooth is laid bare over a large area. There are minor dental plaque gathering gingival pockets, and pyorrhea absent. The patient is concerned about increased sensitivity of the necks of the teeth, the feeling of itching in the gums. However, slowly progressing stuff is leading to overall disease which can lead to loss of teeth.

Causes of periodontal disease are not fully known. A role played by genetic predisposition and periodontitis often develops on the background of other pathologies, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and so on.

The treatment of periodontitis should be comprehensive, taking into account all the individual aspects of the patient. Apply methods of activating the blood pressure in terms of different types of massage and physical therapy aimed towards removal of tartar, professional oral hygiene via various orthopedic activities until prosthetic teeth. The kind of vitamin hormone therapy and drugs is perceived by the doctors as the kind of simultaneously conducted approach to be implemented.

A competent and timely treatment of periodontitis may keep your teeth and normalize the quality of life. If it does not deal with the problem – there is a risk of losing teeth even at a young age.

Periodontitis may occur in the conditions of periodontitis inflammatory process going on, so that manifests the formation of gums, pyorrhea of them, early mobility of the teeth.

The causes of periodontitis in the majority of cases are examined. In the development of periodontitis infection plays a major role – those microbes that we all have to live in the mouth. Microbes affect the periodontal tissues, causing them in the development of an inflammatory process that leads to loosening of teeth, and then to its loss. Therefore it is important to understand how necessary is the periodic removal of tartar and professional teeth cleaning.

With the development of acute illness the patient feels pain in the gums, pulsation, the mobility of teeth, bad breath. While eating food gets between the teeth, which further worsens the situation. There is swelling of the gums, there is purulent discharge from forming gums.

Periodontitis treatment

The treatment procedure of periodontitis includes both surgical and conservative methods. At the initial stage the removal of tartar, polishing and processing of teeth with special protective lacquer. In accordance with the testimony shall be appointed by local antiseptics or antibiotics. By all means, the surgical benefit involves exposure of the roots of teeth, careful purging with subsequent restoration of the gums.

Some patients prefer the treatment of periodontitis via folk remedies, although it must be noted that the effectiveness of this treatment is quite low. The following recipes, for instance, are often applied:

1. Mix one teaspoon of dry tea and 1 teaspoon of minced garlic, pour into one cup of boiling water. Infuse in a tightly sealed container for 20 minutes, drain. Rinse your mouth for 5-10 minutes. The latter should be done good. You have to brush your teeth and only then to rinse. The duration of the total course of treatment comprise 2 weeks.

2. Take 2 tablespoons of chopped oak bark, pour a glass of boiled water, wait for 30 minutes, drain. Rinse your mouth 3 times a day.

Doctors advice: do not resort to long-term self-treatment, because it is not possible to independently remove supragingival and poddesnevye solid dental plaque without the help of a dentist. Advanced forms of periodontitis and are demanding surgical interventions.

Are there effective ways to cure hemorrhoid? Most of the sick associate treatment with the necessity of painful surgery. However proctology is a dynamically developing branch of medicine. And at present it has both highly effective drugs and spare efficient remedies for hemorrhoid treatment in its arsenal.

According to one of the versions, Napoleon had lost Battle of Waterloo due to an acute fit of hemorrhoid. It is said he was not able to sit on his horse and control army moves. Maybe this fact gives rise to doubt. However one can be sure that such disease ad hemorrhoid can instantly and misfortunately unhorse anybody.

Conservative treatment methods (medicinal preparation)

Hemorrhoid is usually treated by local preparations (rectal suppositories and ointments). As a rule they are all complex – contain several active components. The preparations lower tissues edema and inflammation as well as deaden pain and itch. Heparin which is included in all of them promotes blood supply improvement and thrombi liquefaction. Now the market of hemorrhoid remedies is represented by a wide range of drugs: Proctozone, Ultraproct, Hepatrombin, Proctosedyl etc. But all the preparations have nuances of application in each particular case; therefore adequate medication can be prescribed only by proctologist.

In order to improve the effectiveness of local preparations remedies, ameliorating vascular tone and impeding blood clot organization (Detralex, Troxevasin), should be taken internally.

Medicamental treatment methods are exceptionally symptomatic – that is do not radically cure hemorrhoid. However they allow coping temporarily with annoying hemorrhoid signs. It has been proven that if a patient follows doctor’s recommendations on prophylaxis of hemorrhoid relapses he can avoid surgical therapy. Though as practice shows most people are not willing to change their lifestyle, their job – in general to remove those risk factors that provoke hemorrhoid development. That is why it is reasonable to solve hemorrhoid problem once and for all – with the help of radical surgical therapy.

Semisurgical operations (spare methods)

Sclerotherapy
A special substance which promotes sticking of cavernous vessels walls is injected into hemorrhoidal bolus. As a result the bolus ceases to exist (is substituted for connective tissue).

The operation is performed it conditions of clinic, do not require central and local anesthesia. Sclerosing agent (e.g., etoxisclerol) after detecting rectum lumen is injected into hemorrhoidal bolus peduncle. The manipulation requires extremely high precision and proctologist’s experience.

Extreme temperatures exposure
Cryodestruction (by extremely low temperature) and focused infrared coagulation (by extremely high one) are used. At the same time hemmoroidal boluses are subject to necrosis. If hemmorhoidal boluses are big the operation may take several sessions. It is considered to be reasonably effective remedy of hemorrhoid cure at initial and middle stages of development.

Boluses ligation with the help of latex rings

Stretched rings are put on the base of hemorrhoidal bolus by special apparatus: nourishment of bolus is discontinued and its necrotization takes place. At the end of the process the bolus is rejected together with the ring.

All these operations are scarcely traumatic, painless and easily taken by patients. In some cases patients are disturbed by discomfort while the intervention is performed. In rare cases patients mention pain, but it is not intensive and can be cut off by anesthetic preparations.

Minor surgery in hemorrhoid cure may be applied at all the stages of the disease with the exception of acute forms. However on later stages of hemorrhoid (III-IV) these methods are mostly used as a preparation for performing radical surgery. But these methods have significant disadvantage – they do not remove the cause of hemorrhoid, namely blood supply disturbance of hemorrhoidal boluses. Therefore the symptoms can reoccur (relapse) on the average in 3-5 years. Recurrence rate with these methods is from 15% to 45% (the earlier the stage at which the operation is done, the lower the probability).

Radical operations – eliminate hemorrhoid causes

Longo procedure
The most popular type of surgical hemorrhoid treatment. It is comparatively short procedure, and that is important if there are contraindications to traditional hemorrhoidectomy. Operative intervention implies excision of rectum mucous membrane above hemorrhoidal bolus. However patients often experience pain during postoperative period. In addition the method may be applied only on early stages of hemorrhoid (I-II).

Boluses excision

A traditional operation – hemorrhoidectomy (boluses excision) is still a successful practice. The operation is quite traumatic, is performed under general anesthetic. Postoperative period is long and requires thorough rectum care and usage of painkillers. At present many world’s leading proctologists consider hemorrhoid disarterization to be the most preferable method.

Disarterization

It is the cutting-edge procedure of surgical hemorrhoid cure. Its idea is to cut the artery which feeds blood to the enlarged bolus. To perform transanal hemorroid disarterization a special equipment (ultrasound apparatus with dopplerometry function) is needed. This allows proctologist not to work “blindly”, as, for example, in sclerotherapy. The equipment gives an opportunity to accurately find artery which supplies blood to the hemorrhoidal bolus and accurately cut it under vision control. The procedure may be done in the outpatient setting and does not require painkillers usage during postoperative period.

The main advantages of the method are minimal operation duration (15 min), absence of blood, high effectiveness, applicability on all stages of hemorrhoid. The operation is scarcely traumatic, that a patient does not need a medical certificate and is able to proceed with his regular daily duties the next day.

Hemorrhoid treatment in accordance with the most common and well known European folk means.

Hemorrhoids is in fact a disease which is reflected on the human’s body in a form of nodular enlargement of hemorrhoidal venous plexus in the form of submucous layer related to the anal canal and under the skin of the anal region. Hemorrhoids are a cluster of cavernous tissue.

This is a very common disease among people who either have a sitting kind of lifestyle or the ones who have troubles in terms of shitting regarding to nervs usually associated with obstruction of venous outflow during straining (constipation, birth), pregnancy, raising the pressure in the portal vein, with infection (proctitis), with diarrhea, an abundance of gas in the intestines, incomplete emptying of the rectum of feces. There are two types of hemorrhoids – external and internal. The most common reason for poor circulation is the one which is the consequence of sedentary lifestyle. Thus, it has to be assumed as a great importance that the “cropped up” sequence is the constitutional disposition.

Patients complain of pain during defecation, feeling of heaviness and burning, itching in the anus, bleeding from his or admixture of blood on the ass hole

Hemorrhoids occurs in two forms i.e. the acute and the chronic form.

The chronic form is characterized by:

• allocation of blood coming out under pressure from the anus which occurs in somewhat 67 to 80% of cases known;
• emergency loss of nodes from the anus comprising the amount of 35 up to 46%;
• itching cases being at the level of about 4.9%;
• mucus coming with about 1-5% in accordance with to the constant deposition of irreducible knots.

The acute form of hemorrhoids is characterized by:

• unpleasant and severe pain coming out of anus;
• overall increase with respect to amount of nodes;
• inflammatory changes in the hemorrhoidal node and surrounding tissues.

Approximately 30-35% of cases of acute hemorrhoids complicated by necrosis of the site with the release of a blood clot formed from the defect, in this case to the described symptoms associated allocation of blood, not associated with bowel movement, which may be abundant in nature.